Showing posts with label Scotland. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Scotland. Show all posts

The Farm by the Loch #Nostalgia

 A while ago I reminisced about my childhood holidays on my grandfather and my uncles' farms in Scotland. Here are some more photos of times passed. They were taken in the late 1940s before I was born, but I remember the stooks of corn made at harvest time.


After the corn had been cut  a bundle of sheaves were tied with a strand of corn and propped up with the ear upwards to keep it off the ground until all was collected for threshing.





Haystacks were thatched to keep the rain out. 


A new lamb is always valued.


My grandmother with Dick and Dora.


You will find some more photos of the farm including cute lambs here

My McKinnon Family

 

When I started to research the McKinnon side of my family in 1999, the easiest way to access information about them was a set of CDs of the 1881 Census issued by the Church of Latter Day Saints. Here I found my great grandmother and all her siblings working as house servants (the girls) or farm servants (the boys).  Meanwhile her parents John Mckinnon and Mary Barron were at home in Petty, Inverness-shire looking after 3 illegitimate grandchildren.

The McKinnon (or MacKinnon) family originated on the islands of Mull, Coll, and Tiree n the Hebrides and later Skye and Rum.  For hundreds of years the MacKinnons held offices of importance in both the military and civil administrations of the Isles. A MacKinnon chief was the marshal of the island fleet that transported Robert Bruce and his army at the start of the campaign that ended at Bannockburn in 1314. MacKinnon chiefs were respected members of the Council of the Isles and from 1357 until 1498 the MacKinnon clan supplied the abbots and priors for the monastery on Iona.

After the Act of Union between England and Scotland, Clan MacKinnon supported the Jacobite cause especially in 1715 and 1745. Following those failed uprisings, the clan members were reduced to poverty. Their land was sold off and many emigrated. The Highland Clearances, moving people to make room for sheep, caused more McKinnons to scatter round the globe.

The first McKinnon we can trace in our family is William MacKinnon, a weaver, living in Stronaba, Kilmonivaig, Invernesshire.  He and his wife, Ann Cameron had two children, Christian (female) and John MacKinnon. By 1841 William had died and Ann McKinnon (Cameron) was in misery (on charity). In 1851 she was listed as a parish pauper. Later that year John, a labourer, married Mary Barron, a servant maid working at Glenfintaig House, in Kilmonivaig. 

John McKinnon and his wife Mary, who spoke Gaelic and English, soon moved to Elgin, Moray where their first 2 children were born, but by 1854 when their son William McKinnon was born, they were living in the village of Petty on the edge of the Moray Firth near to the town of Inverness.  John worked as a railway surfaceman until he died of a heart attack aged 82. His wife Mary Barron died 8 years later in Inverness and was buried at Tomnahurich Cemetery in Inverness.  Of the 10 children of John McKinnon and Mary Barron, my great grandmother Eliza was their 6th child.


Eliza was later called Elizabeth. Her son Alexander Stewart was born in 1879 when she was 17. By 1881 she was working as a nursemaid in Inverness but at some point, during the next 7 years she moved to work in Dunbartonshire over on the west coast. There she met Northern Irishman, Robert John Hughes, a mason, but by the time they married in 1888, he was a postman. On the 1891 census they are listed living in the village of Row (Rhu) on the Gareloch. The couple had 9 children including Elizabeth Hughes, my grandmother born in 1900. Of Eliza McKinnon’s 7 sisters, two, Catherine and Mary, moved to Australia with their husbands, the two brothers, William and John, were farm labourers and Johanna never married.

Eliza McKinnon

Shandon Hydro - A Scottish Gem




 In 1833, Robert Napier, a Scottish marine engineer and shipbuilder bought land on the edge of the Gareloch at West Shandon to build a summer cottage, but soon like many of the Glasgow merchants he looked for an architect to build him a fairytale castle.  John Thomas Rochead had won a competition to design the Royal Arch in Dundee and would later design the Wallace memorial.  Napier commissioned him to create a mansion.  This was to be West Shandon House which cost £130,000 to build and was completed in 1852.  No expense was spared to build a quality house and Napier and his wife Isabelle Denny filled their new home with paintings by artists such as Rembrandt, Rubens, Vandyke and Titian, hung Gobelin tapestries and displayed objet d’art such as Sevres porcelain. They lived there happily until Isabelle died in 1875 and Robert in 1876.



The house was soon sold to a Glasgow based syndicate who intended to turn it into a hydropathic hotel.  Hydros, providing water cures in a luxury hotel, were particularly popular in Scotland at this time with more than 20 opening in the latter part of the 19th century.  Shandon Hydro, as it was called, included a heated salt water swimming pool, Turkish baths, a bowling green, a croquet lawn, a golf course and tennis courts.  There was a library full of popular books and greenhouses provided fresh flowers.  Smoking was strictly forbidden except in the Conservatory.




Safe pleasure boats were provided on the loch and broughams or landaus could be rented to take visitors on trips to Loch Lomond or Loch Long.  The Hydro proved extremely popular, until it was requisitioned early in World War One as an experimental submarine base and naval hospital.  Although restored to its role as a Hotel between the wars, its position next to the deep sea-loch on the Clyde made it essential to the navy once again in 1939.  Its popularity declined until it was destroyed in 1957 to make way for the Faslane naval base.


An interesting article on golf in Shandon can be found here

My travelling Posts from 2017

This year I have wandered away from pure history to writing about places I have visited.  These are the ones I most enjoyed researching.

In August we spent a few days in Essex following up a branch of my family tree.
First we visited two small parish churches in the villages of Moreton and Matching and then the fascinating church in Great Dunmow.







http://somerville66.blogspot.co.uk/2017/08/two-essex-village-churches-mondayblogs.html

http://somerville66.blogspot.co.uk/2017/08/great-dunmow.html

Earlier in the year I remembered my regular childhood holidays in Scotland and our trips "Doon the Watter."

Old Craigendoran Pier

http://somerville66.blogspot.co.uk/2017/05/doon-watter-nostalgia-on-clyde.html

Of course in the 1950s this meant an overnight train journey

Helensburgh station

I have been visiting and sometimes working in London throughout my life so am always interested in how it has changed.


I looked for old pictures of the city in contrast to my photographs. Past met present

In July, while staying with friends in south west France we visited a night market.



And because I spent so much time in the Portugal this year, here are two posts about the town of Olhao and the Rio Formosa.

Rio Formosa
Olhao
 Happy New Year.

Doon the Watter #Nostalgia on the Clyde

Leaving the Broomielaw about 1900

The pictures in this post come from “Clyde Water” by Maurice Lindsay published in 1958. 
Dunoon in the 1840s
Mansions and marine villas in Dunoon and other seaside villages in the firth of Clyde were built by merchants, self-made men who dealt in tea, tobacco, soap, coal, iron and steel, ships and railway engines.  During the 1930s houses on the west coast of Scotland were still being taken for the summer as they had been at Bournemouth in Edwardian times.


In his book, Maurice reminisces on his childhood memories of trips, “Doon the watter,” in the 1930s.
He describes his first voyage on RMS Columba from Broomielaw in Glasgow thus,


‘We set out on the first of July; mother and father, nurse, four children, dog, cat and goldfish.  A great deal of luggage had to be taken.  We got up at five in the morning and a horse-drawn cart arrived at six to carry the luggage down to the quay.  I was given the job of guarding the cat while the luggage was being grunted and manoeuvred round the bends of the staircase.  The cat had the idea that if he managed to escape he would not have to undergo his ordeal of transportation by basket.

The Columba had two red and black funnels and huge gilded paddle-boxes.  She smelt of heated engine oil, good galley cooking and well-scrubbed cleanliness.  We established ourselves in the saloon where there were a number of seated bays lined with dark red velvet plush, richly draped with similar hangings.  The cat remained obligingly silent, but at the entrance a liveried steward looked at me with an air of hostility. “What’s in that basket?” he demanded.  “Provisions,” I answered.  He grunted and let us past.

Up on deck the Captain took a final look at his watch, another at the quay, then pulled the clanging brass levers by his side.  The paddles began to thresh the water, nosing the ship’s bow towards the centre of the river and we slid slowly forward, past miles of shipyards, resounding with the racket of the riveters welding the rusty hulks of the ships, past towering ocean-going liners and rusty old dredgers squatting in the middle of the river."

The Lord of the Isles arriving at Rothesay in 1900
After a morning’s sail to Dunoon past Greenock and Gourock, the sail to Innellan took 20 minutes.  A taxi hurled us along the shore road to the house, which stood at the foot of a terraced hill garden 200 yards from the shore. A horse and cart bearing our heavy luggage crunched its patient way up the garden path.  Once unpacked, it was time for High tea and then for the garden.”

The Waverley arriving at Rothesay about 1950

The Glorious Days of the Highland train and the Steamer

The pictures on this page come from “Mountain Moor and Loch” Illustrated by Pen and Pencil on the route of the West Highland Railway, published in 1894.


We tend to believe that Queen Victoria instigated tourism in the Scottish Highlands but her interest was sparked by literary figures.  In 1803, William Wordsworth, accompanied by his sister Dorothy, and by Samuel Taylor Coleridge, first visited the Trossachs and other parts of Scotland.  They were soon followed by Sir Walter Scott, who published ‘The Lady of the Lake’ in 1810.  Not only did Scott become more famous, but so did the Highlands.



But it was the opening of the West Highland Railway line in 1894 which prompted this book.  Running from Craigendoran Junction to Fort William, with fifteen stations formed in the style of Swiss chalets, it is, in my opinion, the most beautiful 100 mile journey in Britain.  I do have to admit bias, since I was born on this route!

Craigendoran was just a hamlet at the east end of Helensburgh where the Gareloch meets the River Clyde, but in 1882 it became an important 5 platform station, partly because of the pier which was built there by the North British Steam Packet Company.  From here you could board a steamer and go “doon the watter” to places such as Dunoon or Rothesay on the Isle of Bute.  I remember fondly our yearly boat trips from Craigendoran which sadly stopped in the early 1960s.  By 1972 the pier was closed and the station buildings demolished.

The railway arrived too late for passengers wishing to travel on Bell’s Comet from Helensburgh pier to Greenock.  Henry Bell was an engineer and a man of ideas, who owned the Baths Inn but had ambitions to build the first commercial steamship in Britain.  In 1800 and 1803, he was unsuccessful in persuading the government to fund this enterprise so he oversaw the building of his design, The Comet, himself.  Completed in 1812, it was 30 tons, 3 horsepower and travelled at 5 miles per hour.  Later lengthened, its speed increased to 6 mph.  Unfortunately, it was shipwrecked in 1820.



Accurately, the anonymous writer of the book describes the Gareloch thus,

All along the course of the Loch it is a fairy retreat, silent, secluded well sheltered and glowing with colour, the many tinted trees and the heather-clad slopes being reflected in the glassy water as in a mirror.


Soon the scene changes as the train skirts the edge of Loch Long, narrow, deep and impressive.  At Arrochar and Tarbet station, the traveller has the choice of alighting to stay by Loch Lomond side, perhaps boarding a steamer for a circumnavigation of the Loch.


There are many interesting tales in this book of the massacres at Glencoe  and Glen Fruin and other stories of how Rob Roy and Robert the Bruce hid in the nearby countryside. 


Although the author and illustrator are unnamed, there is an essay at the end of the book written by Rev. Norman Macleod, D. D with pictures by Joseph Adam.  It includes this amusing passage,

One old Highlander spoke to us frankly of the changes which had taken place in his day. "I and my father," he said, "used to guide the few travellers who came here up Ben Lomond. But no one will take my road now. And that is very curious, because it is the best! But the fact is," he added, with a peculiar smile; "more men are fools than I once believed. And what have you of it now but this—that a Lowlander--one of the name of Scott, or Sir Walter Scott, who knew nothing about the country—wrote a heap of lies on the Trossachs. I do assure you he told stories that neither I nor my father ever heard about this person and that who never lived here —about an Eelen and a FitzJames, and trash of that sort: Of course, ignorant Sassenachs take all that for gospel, and make new roads and build new hotels, and get new boats, and even steamboats and new guides, who laugh at the tourists and get their money. And so, you see, no one comes my old way to Ben Lomond now. But och! it's a sad sight, most lamentable, to see decent folk believing lies, lies, nothing but lies."


For more information about the North British Steam Packet Company and wonderful photographs see http://www.paddlesteamers.info/NorthBritish.htm


Highland Clearances?

Harris, Isle of Rum by Tony Page

I have often wondered, whether my MacKinnon ancestors, whom I have traced to late 18th century Inverness-shire, were living there in abject poverty as a result of the Highland Clearances?  Had they been moved on from the Highlands by a landowner throwing them out of their homes so that large sheep farms could be established?

It would seem from a recent DNA match that I have made via Ancestry, that this was not the case.  I have established that they came from the Isle of Rum and they probably left around 1770 because of the collapse of the Kelp trade and over-population of the island.  My family moved across to the mainland and found work in subsistence farming.  Meanwhile, Rum was becoming increasingly overcrowded.  About 450 tenant farmers were given notice to quit their homes.  They were persuaded to move to Canada.  On 11 July 1826, about 300 of the inhabitants boarded two ships, the Highland Lad and the Dove of Harmony, bound for Cape Breton in Nova Scotia, Canada.  In 1827, the remaining residents boarded the St Lawrence with a group of inhabitants from the Isle of Muck.

The islanders did not find a land of milk and honey.  The land in Canada was inhospitable and it took many years for them to establish themselves in their new country.

Hugh Miller, who visited Rum, described the abandoned island;-
"The evening was clear, calm, golden-tinted; even wild heaths and rude rocks had assumed a flush of transient beauty; and the emerald-green patches on the hill-sides, barred by the plough lengthwise, diagonally, and transverse, had borrowed an aspect of soft and velvety richness, from the mellowed light and the broadening shadows. All was solitary. We could see among the deserted fields the grass-grown foundations of cottages razed to the ground; but the valley, more desolate than that which we had left, had not even its single inhabited dwelling; it seemed as if man had done with it for ever. The island, eighteen years before, had been divested of its inhabitants, amounting at the time to rather more than four hundred souls, to make way for one sheep farmer and eight thousand sheep. All the aborigines of Rum crossed the Atlantic; and, at the close of 1828, the entire population consisted of but the sheep farmer, and a few shepherds.”


It is estimated that 70,000 Highlanders emigrated, mainly to the colonies in North America and Australia and New Zealand, between the 1760s and 1803, and that over 150,000 were forced off their lands from 1783 to 1881.  It is impossible to measure whether their life opportunities were improved by emigration or how many seized the chance of a new life, but they had hard lives and sorrow, both before and after their emigration.

Sunset, Rum by Nell Roger

A Scottish Farm in the 1950s #Nostalgia

My mother with the calves
There have been news reports recently about how little money farmers are receiving for their milk, making dairy production uneconomic and this reminded me of my childhood when I would go out to the field with my cousins to call in the cows for milking.  They were usually lurking by the gate but we would call, “Kye, Kye,” to make them follow us along the muddy path to the milking parlour.  On one occasion it was so muddy I left my wellington stuck in the mud as I lifted my foot to walk on.



Living in south London, my regular holiday visits to my uncles’ and grandfather’s farms on the west coast of Scotland were paradise.  There was a hill behind the farms and the lochside in front. All day long I would muck around on the farm with my cousins, interspersing chores such as collecting eggs with damming the burn (stream) or making dens.  In the early 1950s they still had two Clydesdale horses to pull the plough but they were later replaced by a tractor.
My uncle ploughing
My grandfather driving the tractor
When the cows reached the milking parlour they walked to their regular place and waited for their milking machine to be put on individually.  Occasionally a cow would be hand-milked and I tried, with very little success.  The milk churns were taken to the station at the bottom of the lane, where they were collected by train but on Sundays there was no train so my uncle would drive them to a depot in Arrochar in his Land Rover. I loved riding in the back between the churns, sliding along the shiny metal bench.  When Dr Beeching closed the local station it was no longer viable to produce milk on isolated farms like theirs.


From these photos it is evident that I was used to lambs from a very early age but what I liked best was helping to wean the calves.  My uncle would mix food into half a bucket of milk and then I would put my hand into the bucket and feed the calf from my fingers which it would think were teats.  After a while I would extract my hand and the calf would realise that it could eat from the bucket.  There were always cats and kittens on the farm, fed with bread and milk to make sure they still hunted for mice and rats.  The sheepdogs were collies who only became pets in old age.  I loved to watch the sheep being sheared and even the dipping was interesting. 



At Harvest time our job was to keep the men supplied with flasks of tea and “a piece and jam” (jam sandwiches).  We would dare each other to hold on to the electric fence for a second, hoping to miss the pulse of electricity.  Sometimes we missed it and sometimes not.  The train from London to Fort William passed the field so we could wave as it went past.  Sometimes I went to the farm in the winter and was able to toboggan down the hill.


Looking back, farms in the 1950s were pure Enid Blyton adventures for children, but not such a picnic for the farmers and their wives, working hard every single day.