Showing posts with label army. Show all posts
Showing posts with label army. Show all posts

Betty in Germany in 1945



October 1st 1945
This morning we sadly left Brussels.  Having put our kit on the lorry we set off for the office further along Avenue Louise to load all the things to be moved from there.  At 9 am we started to drive through the flat countryside of Belgium and then Holland.  I was comfortably installed in an arm chair in the back of the lorry with Jack and George.

As we crossed the border just past Venlo, into Germany, the air felt fresher.  The countryside is more varied but badly war-scarred.  We stopped at Munster to refuel and Jack went to scrounge some tea for us.  Munster is terribly badly damaged.  I don’t think one house was unscathed. 
By the time we reached the autobahn, it was dark and we finally reached Herford at 8.30 where Pat was waiting to whisk me off to the YWCA for supper before taking me to a temporary bed in her room.
ATS Billet in the old school

October 2nd 1945
By 9.45 we were settled in our new office and started work as there is a lot of back stuff to make up.  Finished and went back to the billet with Pat where we discovered that we could have a room together so we set to, scrubbing the floor and planning how we could alter things.  We made sure that the fire worked beautifully. 
October 3rd 1945
This afternoon we went to the riding school for an hour which was very good.  After that we went to cookery class at the YW and had fun.  Ate the spoils afterwards before joining Staff and Jack at a dance.

Betty and Pat's room
October 4th 1945
Our room is beginning to show signs of comfort.  In fact, we’ve had a good mark for it already.  We collected a table from George’s billet which Pat has painted.  I set to and made little frills for the cupboards.  Once we were happy with the room we made tea for Margaret coming back from work.

St Jakob's Church, Herford

October 7th 1945
It was a glorious morning so we walked through the woods to the tower on top of the hill.  Had a wonderful view from the top.  Called in at the beer garden on the way down.  After lunch we walked to Bad Salzuflen.  It is a lovely place.  We had tea there then walked back by way of the woods.  I felt tired after covering about 16 miles.

Betty, Staff, Pat and Jack in the beer garden
October 14th 1945
Today we had an office trip so I wore slacks.  We went to Hamelin via Minden, through lovely countryside.  When we reached Hamelin we had a picnic lunch helped down with sweet cider.  Jack, Pat and I went for a walk and went into the cave which was only a dark hole.  Called in at Bückeburg for tea on our way back.

November 5th 1945
Caught the overnight train to Brussels from Bad Oeynhausen.  We enjoyed going round the gaily decorated shops.  The toys are wonderful.  We spent most of our money in odds and ends and fruit.  We returned to the hotel for dinner then went to the ENSA cinema to see a Bette Davis film which was excellent.

Over the next 3 days they visited their Belgian friend Winnie, saw Arabian Nights in technicolor, had chocolate and cakes while listening to the band at the Grand Place and dined in style.

November 17th 1945
We have a radio now so we can listen to the news which is good as we haven’t received any mail for several days.  Jack and I walked further round the town this afternoon and found that it was very badly bombed in some parts.  We went along the river and saw swans and moorhens. It doesn’t seem possible that Jack is leaving.  Couldn’t bear saying goodbye.


November 25th 1945
An early start for our office trip to Dechenhohle.  We went through lovely countryside but didn’t arrive till 2.30.  We seemed to be right on top of the world.  The cave was very interesting with stalactites and stalagmites.  Tea at the YMCA and home by 9.30
November 26th 1945
Set off from the office at 8.15 and Margaret and I managed to bag a seat on the bus so we were quite comfortable.  We reached Lippstadt at 10.15 and after tea at the NAAFI we went to watch the Q in C’s inspection.  It was very cold standing about and started to rain during the march Past, but it was very impressive.  Monty’s speech (Field Marshall Montgomery) was nothing to write home about.  On the way it started to snow.  Lovely to receive a letter from Jack today.

During December Betty worked late most night and also on Saturdays so she was glad to have home leave over Christmas.  Previously she had flown back to the UK, but this time it was train to Calais and a rough crossing.

January 1st 1946
Brought the year in on the train between Victoria and Folkestone.  Pat wrote, "Wot no drink," but we had NAAFI tea!  Arrived at Folkestone at 2 am so straight to bed.  Called at 7 but had to wait around till 11.  Voyage not so rough so we weren’t sick this time but we saw a mine.  Arriving at Calais we discovered there was no room on the train so we sat in the Rec Room frozen stiff.
After boarding an unheated train next day it took them till midnight on Jan 3rd to arrive at Bad Oeynhausen.

January 4th 1946
Waited until 1am but no sign of the truck to take us to Herford so we hitched back.  Slept till 11 then soaked in a bath for ages.  We were furious to discover they had used our room and made a real mess of everything.  Pleased to hear from Margaret that she and her Jack are getting married in 2 weeks.


During January Betty and her friends continued to work long hours and spent their free time playing badminton, going to play readings and Scottish country dancing.  In February she was sent on a demob course to prepare for civilian life.


February 12th 1946
Set out at 9.30 and it was freezing cold in the lorry.  We stopped at Hanover which was very badly bombed.  Like Herford everywhere was flooded from all the rain we’ve had.  After 150 miles and many detours we reached Göttingen for the course.  Reported to the adjutant and found my billet.


February 13th  1946
After breakfast I decided to explore the town. Göttingen is a very old fashioned place, lots of 15th century buildings like the Schwarz bier Tavern, the Rathaus and Jakobi Church.  We walked along the city wall to Bismark’s cottage, a quaint old place and then had coffee at the NAAFI.  After lunch we walked up the Hainberg hill through the wood to where it overlooks Göttingen.  Today the sun was shining with a slight covering of snow on the ground.
February 14th 1946
This morning we went to the university and were sorted into groups according to our demob plans.  I went on the banking side and I’m the only girl among 30 men.  The major who took us this morning was terribly funny.  Had tea with a Sergeant when Geography was cancelled then returned for English Lit.
February 15th 1946
Still enjoying college life and finding the classes very interesting.  Arthur keeps a seat for me as we get on well and I have also met a very nice Scottish Lieutenant called Ron.  After tea Arthur collected me and we went to the Variety Theatre to see a German company.  The acrobats were very good and the contortionist excellent.
Saturday February 16th
Went into town to have my hair washed and set at a hairdressers.  After tea, I put on my tartan skirt and went to the Toc H dance.  I was in a bit of a fix as I’d arranged to meet Ron and Arthur but I met a few more lads first.  In the end I shook most of them off and stayed with Ron and Jock who were good fun.  Ron walked me home.


Sunday February 17th
Went to the church service and then after lunch I met Ron.  We walked up to Bismark’s house.  It was snowing but we didn’t mind.  Had a lovely view from the top, the air was good and I enjoyed every minute of it.  Had tea at the Toc H then went to the Sergeant’s Mess party.  Danced with Ron and had champagne.


Betty returned to Herford and corresponded with Ron who was based in another part of Germany.  They managed to meet up three times before Betty was demobbed on May 20th.  Civilian life was not easy for any of the wartime service people and the romance died out.

Betty in Brussels 1944-45 #WW2 #MondayBlogs

Part One

3rd October 1944
Pat and I rose at 6.30 and set out for a walk.  It was glorious at that time of the morning.  Saw the Palais de Justice and the Tomb of the Unknown Warrior.  Felt really refreshed when we reached the office.  Lunch at a café, lovely to have fresh fruit.  Worked till 8.  Cleaned my buttons and wrote letters.  Lights out by 10.15 or we are in trouble.

5th October 1944
Dolled ourselves up in brass buttons and went down town tonight.  Visited Capitole and Metropole Cafés and had lovely ice-cream.  Listened to the band and watched an unusual dance by five men dressed in funny costumes with large ostrich-feather hats.
7th October 1944
Shopping with Pat & Hazel.  Wonderful to see shops so well stocked with goods.  Had our photos taken and then had meringues & ice-cream.  What a selection of cosmetics and perfume!  We couldn’t buy anything as they were unable to change a hundred Franc note.  After tea we took the tram to the Garrison theatre to see Richard Green in “Arms and the Man.”  We were supplied with ices and chocolate by the fellows sitting beside us.
22nd October 1944
Pat and I went down to the YWCA tonight and met Hazel.  It’s lovely there, comfy chairs, cosy little rooms & tea brought to you.  We did some sewing and chatted till 9.30 then caught the tram back to the billet.
Pat, John and Betty
28th October 1944
Rushed off from the office at 6.30 and went to the ENSA theatre.  Monty (Field-Marshall Montgomery) was there and we had also seen him during the afternoon at the office.  On stage we saw Emlyn Williams in Blithe Spirit.  It was awfully good.  I did enjoy the cracks.  Went to the Bristol Café for ices then caught truck back to the billet.
13th November 1944
Rose early & gave our room a decent clean for Inspection.  Had a letter from Jenny to say that Bill had been reported missing.  Went to flicks with Susanne, Theo, Bob and George (locals who lived in Brussels.)  Had to leave early to get back in time.  Will have to watch my step with George.  He wants to get too friendly for my liking.
Pat & Betty with Bob & Susanne
25th November 1944
Had to see the Camp Commander today to be told I’m receiving my Corporal’s stripe.  Went shopping & bought a pen for Dad & stockings for Mum.  Wrapped them up for Christmas.
30th November 1944
Pat & I met Susanne, Theo and George at the Capitole to listen to the band.  Gave George the cold shoulder.  Caught the tram back.
1st December 1944
Had to sew the stripe on my tunic before going out.   Pat & I went to ENSA theatre to see “A soldier for Christmas.”  It was very amusing but a bit suggestive.  Nattered to some sergeants we were sitting beside.
1st January 1945
Edward brought Fay & I back from the Hogmanay party at 1 am.  Stayed in bed till early afternoon then called in at the office to wish them a happy new year.  Went to the Monty Club (Montgomery Club) for tea.  Had our photos taken by some fellows.  Went to the ENSA theatre where 2 sergeants had double tickets so we went in with them.  “The Merry Widow most enjoyable. Caught the truck back.

2nd January 1945
Went to Susanne’s house for dinner.  Quite a crowd there.  Roads very slippery on the way back.  Had to be careful carrying a bowl of baked apples.
Looking out of the Office window on Avenue Louise
8th January 1945
Day off so we went on a trip to Ostend by bus.  Thick snow when we left so everything looked very picturesque clothed in white.  Countryside quite pretty, windmills unusual (to us).  We stopped at Ghent & went to the NAAFI for tea.  The town is full of ancient buildings.  When we reached Ostend it was raining and terribly blowy.  The hotels at the seafront were badly battered.  Very cold in the bus even with a blanket round us.  Managed to reach the YWCA by 8.30 for supper.

January 19th 1945
Really freezing in the flat.  Went to Susanne’s house for dinner and we were covered in snow when we arrived.  Had to rush back to the billet early as I had to take roll call.
January 25th 1945
Bought an electric fire today but it doesn’t work.  Went to bed early with a blanket round my shoulders to write letters home.
1st February 1945
Walked to Porte de Namur by way of the lakes which are lovely.  Called at the lace shop to buy some.  Set out for Waterloo but had a very long wait for the train.  Got out at the village but it was miles from the battlefield.  Hitched a ride with a Sergeant Major, then he took us for a drink.  Climbed to the top of the column and saw the Panorama in the Rotunda.  Hitched back to Brussels and went to the Blighty Café.
3rd February 1945
I was orderly NCO tonight.  Did some mending in the Guardroom.  CSM was duty officer & was on her high horse so I had to take the names of those who were only a little late.
6th February 1945
Di and I went out to Concordia for our evening meal then to Maxims where we were joined by a RAF officer.  I nearly died when a Canadian corporal started to make me jitterbug.  Caught the shuttle back to the billet.
 8th February 1945
Left work early & went to the Monty Club for a bath.  I did some pressing until Pat arrived then we went upstairs for supper.  Changed some money at the Hotel Splendide.
10th February 1945 
Flew from Neuville aerodrome.  Thrilling flying into England (my first flight).  Pat’s mother met me at Euston & then I boarded the train for Glasgow.  Travelled in a first class carriage with 2 companions.  Arrived at 9 am but could only get a train as far as Dumbarton where I hitched a lift home in time for lunch.
20th February 1945
Reported for my flight back to Brussels at 8 am but there was no room for us.  Met Moyra and she took me to meet some of her blind patients at Roehampton hospital.  A very interesting experience for me.
21st February 1946
Flew back from Northolt to Neuville.  A truck drove us to the Hotel Splendide and then a driver took me the rest of the way to my billet.  Went to the ENSA theatre to see Stewart Granger and Deborah Kerr.  Glad to be back.
29th February 1945
Met Ian at Porte Louise and we went to the Follies Bergère.  Although we didn’t understand what they said we were still in stitches laughing.  A couple of drinks at the Palace and then walked back by the lakes.
"The Office" ST Increment Demand Section
11th March 1945
Staff (Staff sergeant in the office) took us to the flicks to see Rebecca.  Very good but had to stand throughout the whole film.  Our feet were in a terrible state.  We practically crawled to Porte Louise & hitched a lift from there in time for me to take roll call.
27th March 1945
We moved out of the flat for 4 into a flat for 3.  The poor new girls were shocked when we took all our odds and ends with us, since they had given the old room a homely atmosphere.  I bought some brackets to put up shelves in the new room, covered them with pink material and added a frill.  Visited Susanne’s home to pick up the dress she has made me and she also gave me 2 fresh eggs for our breakfast.

Brussels part two follows here

A family separated by the Poor Law #Workhouse #Canada

One of the many families split up and spread across the globe in Edwardian times were the LARNER family. In 1858, Thomas Larner was born in Wokingham Workhouse in Berkshire to 16 year old unmarried mother Mary Larner.  By 1861 he and his mother were living with his grandparents Joseph and Ann Larner, but ten years later, 12 year old Thomas and his 75 year old grandmother were living alone, both working as agricultural labourers.

St John's Church, Merrow where many of the children were baptised

At some point after 1871, Thomas joined the army and on being posted to Aldershot, married Mary Jane Ellis from nearby Hartley Witney. They married in Guildford in 1885 and when Thomas left the army a year later, they set up home in 4 Swaynes Cottages in High Path Road, Merrow in Surrey and began, as many couples at that time, to have a great many children.  Mary Jane obviously didn’t like her plain name as her taste for the more exotic emerged in her choice of children’s names.  They were born as follows:

1884       Maria Frances Isabel
1886       Thomas Joseph William
1889       Frederick Ernest Edward
1891       Ivy Elizabeth May
1894       Lewis Leonard George                   died 1917 in Flanders
1897       Albert Henry John                          died 1915 in Flanders
1898       James David                                   died 1898
1899       Rose Kathleen Maud
1901       Violet Mary
1902       Lily Irene Daisy

In Merrow, Thomas Larner became a general labourer but with onset of the Boer War he returned to the army leaving Mary Jane to look after the family.  His son, Thomas Joseph William Larner, left his job as a gardener for Mr Fitzjohn at “The Warrens” and also joined the army.  

Meanwhile Mary Jane was in trouble.

Sussex Agricultural Express 15th April 1890
Barkingside Girls' Village
By 1904 the family were in disarray.  In the absence of her husband Thomas, Mary Jane could not cope with the large family.  Her four youngest children had been taken away.   By 1911 Albert was an inmate of the Gordon Boys School "for necessitous boys" at Bagshot, Lily was one of the few resident children of Guildford Union Workhouse, Rose had been sent by Dr Barnardo's as a British Home child to Canada and Violet was a resident of Barnardo's Girls’ Village at Barkingside in Essex.  Three months later Violet was part of the Barnardo's party on board the Sicilian bound for Quebec.




Thomas had returned to his family and by 1911 he and Mary Jane were living in Aldershot where he worked as a fish hawker.  It is very unlikely that they ever saw or heard of Violet or Rose again.

Sources
British Newspaper Archive
Ancestry.co.uk
http://canadianbritishhomechildren.weebly.com/

Postscript
An update on the Larner children

In the Workhouse Committee Meeting Minutes of November 5th 1904, stored at Surrey History Centre, the following decision by the Board of Guardians to adopt the children who had been "deserted" by their parents Thomas and Mary Jane is reported.


When the girls were set to Dr Barnardo's Village at Barkingside the Guildford Board of Guardians sent five shillings a week for maintenance and clothing of each child.

“Not aggravated by vice or intemperance”



I have been examining the 1854 medical discharge paper written about my great great grandfather.  His name (at that time!) was John Wheare and he had served just over 21 years in the 7th Regiment of Foot (Royal Fusiliers).  This did not include the three years when he deserted and then re-joined but that’s another story!


The army surgeon describes John as being five foot ten and a quarter inches in height, with brown hair, grey eyes and a fresh complexion and this exactly matches the description on his enlistment attestation.
 
He then describes the symptoms from which John Wheare is suffering.  Apparently he had chronic catarrh and dyspnoea (difficulty) breathing.  The surgeon believed that this was caused by long army service and exposure to climate.  John had served in Gibraltar, Dublin, Barbados and Halifax, Nova Scotia.  I was relieved to read that his ill-health had not been aggravated by vice or intemperance!


Retiring aged 46 on an army pension, John Wheare narrowly missed embarking for the Crimea.  He was able to take a job with the Coastguard but sadly died 6 years later.

Tunnelling inside the Rock of Gibraltar in 1782

During the mid-1970s my parents lived in Gibraltar.  The house in which they resided was called Ince’s Farm, a name with a fascinating history.  If you have been to Gibraltar you will surely have visited St Michael’s Cave, a network of natural limestone caves displaying stalactites and stalagmites within the rock.  But there are also miles of tunnels, some of which were excavated in the late 18th century.

Ince's Farm by L. Sanguinetti 1977

In 1779 Spanish and French armies laid siege to Gibraltar, hoping to starve the British army and citizens into giving up ownership of the Rock and its small town.  This was to become the longest siege ever endured by a British Garrison.  The townspeople had to abandon their homes which were bombarded by the French and Spanish and settle in tents and roughly made huts to the south.  Lack of fresh produce caused them to suffer from scurvy and living so closely together, smallpox, yellow fever and influenza quickly spread amongst the population.

By May 1782 the Governor of Gibraltar, George Augustus Elliott, was desperate for a means of attacking the foreign troops who were advancing slowly in ever extending trenches along the isthmus which connected Gibraltar to Spain, but they were out of view beyond the rock face.

It was at this point that he came into conversation with Sergeant Major Henry Ince.  Henry Ince had been a Cornish miner before joining the Queen’s Royal (West Surrey) Regiment and in 1772 had been transferred, along with other, “mechanics,” to the newly formed Company of Artificers, a forerunner of the Royal Engineers.  Sergeant Major Ince suggested that he should begin tunnelling through the rock to the Notch, a ledge on the sheer North face.  He was appointed Overseer of Mines and, with the aid of 12 men, began to clear a way through the rock using gunpowder, quicklime and water and pick-axes. There was an immediate need for ventilation so small openings were blasted in the cliff face.  These proved to be in good firing positions and so began the Upper Gallery for 4 guns.  There was a problem in the sharp downwards angle required for firing but this was solved by Lieut. Koehler who mounted the large guns on, “depressing carriages”.  He was aided by the ammunition developed by Lieut. Shrapnel.

Gibraltar by L. Sanguinetti 1977

The siege ended in 1783 when it became evident that the British would not need to give up. After the ceasefire, the Duc de Crillion, commander of the opposing troops, visited the tunnels, exclaiming, “These works are worthy of the Romans.”

As a reward for his invaluable work, Henry Ince was granted a large plot of land on Queens Road, half way up the rock, on which he established “Ince’s Farm”.  One day, Prince Edward, the Duke of Kent, came upon Henry, riding his old horse.  The Duke said that the sergeant major should have a finer horse, “more in keeping with your worth and duties,” but the horse he gave to Henry was too strong and spirited so the Duke suggested that Henry should sell it.

Henry Ince remained in Gibraltar for 36 years and despite some local opposition he established the Methodist church there, being one the prime Methodist lay preachers.  He wrote letters to John Wesley whom he had probably met while he was a soldier in Ireland around 1760.  Henry had at least 2 wives and 6 surviving children, Joseph, William, Robert, Harriet, Henry and George, who were listed as beneficiaries in Henry’s will.  Returning to England in 1804, he died in Gittisham, Devon in 1808, at the age of 72.  On his tombstone behind the tower of St Michael's church his tunnels in Gibraltar are described as, "lasting testimony to his skill, industry and zeal."

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soldier_Artificer_Company
http://gibraltar-intro.blogspot.co.uk/2012/07/1782-sergeant-major-henry-ince-on.html